Pathologist Zhetpisbaev Berik Barlybaevich and laboratory assistant-histologist Khamitova Sapura Mukazhanovna completed advanced training on the topics "Neuropathology" and "Pathohistological techniques and immunohistochemistry in neuropathology" at the Rambam Health Center (Israel, Haifa) from May 14 to June 10, 2022 within the framework of the scientific project “Development of a program of molecular cytogenetic research and creation of a biobank of tumors of the central nervous system.”

Result of the training:

The training was conducted at the Institute of Pathology, located on the 9th floor of the Center. The training on the topic “Neuropathology” was conducted by MD, Professor Evgeniy Aleksandrovich Vladavsky, who has extensive scientific and practical experience in neuropathology. The training on the topic “Pathohistological techniques and immunohistochemistry in neuropathology” was conducted by a master’s degree in “Biology”, Irina Minkova.

The following topics are covered:

Major changes in the new WHO classification of central nervous system tumors 2021. Problems of financing molecular genetic research, replacing expensive research data with immunohistochemical studies;
Features of detection of mutations by immunohistochemistry: IDH, H3K27M, H3G34, ATRX, BRAF V600E;
Glioblastoma: study of IDH mutations, TERT promote mutations, EGFR amplification, changes in chromosome set -7/+10;
Diffuse hemispheric glioma, H3G34 mutated;
Diffuse high-grade glioma of pediatric type H3wt and IDH wt;
Hemispheric glioma of infantile type;
Pilocytic astrocytoma with anaplasia. Pilocytic astrocytoma with anaplastic changes;
Diffuse glioneuronal tumor with oligodendroglioma-like pattern and nuclear clusters;
Myxoid glioneuronal tumor;
Multinodular and vasolating neuronal tumor;
Ependymoma: diagnostic features of ependymomas of the posterior cranial fossa, spinal and supratentorial;
Medulloblastoma and neuroblastoma;
CNS tumor with internal tandem duplication of BCOR;
Embryonic tumor NEC/NOS;
Desmoplastic myxoid tumor of the pineal region, SMARCB1-mutated;
Neuroendocrine tumor of the cauda equina (formerly paraganglioma);
Сic-rearranged sarcoma, primary intracranial sarcoma DICER-1 mutated;
Lymphoproliferative diseases of the central nervous system: lymphomas, lymphomatoid granulosis, MALT - meningeal lymphoma, Erdheim-Chester disease, Razai-Dorfman disease, juvenile xanthogranuloma, histiocytic sarcoma;
Pituitary tumors: adenoma, blastoma, carcinoma;
Inflammation of the pituitary gland. Etiology, histology and immunohistochemistry. hypophysitis;
Differential diagnosis of tumor and pseudotumor processes of the central nervous system (gliosis, tuberous sclerosis, normal brain, demyelinating processes;
Malignant tumor of the peripheral nerve sheath;

The following samples were reviewed and discussed:

1 case of immunohistochemistry for IDH and ATRX mutations in glioblastoma;
CNS lymphoma – 1 case of histology and immunohistochemistry;
Pituitary adenoma - 1 case of histology and immunohistochemistry;
WNT activated medulloblastoma, research issues of B-catenin in medulloblastomas – 2 cases of histology, immunohistochemistry, NGS;
Multiple sclerosis – 1 case of histology and immunohistochemistry;
Oligodendroglioma – 2 cases of histology, immunohistochemistry, and FISH studies for 1p/19q co-deletion;
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy – 1 case of histology and immunohistochemistry;
Viral encephalitis - 1 case of histology and immunohistochemistry;
Meningioma against the background of meningoangiomatosis in a child.